10.83. Famaamana limuusa illadhurriyyatun min qawmihi AAala khawfin minfirAAawna wamala-ihim an yaftinahum wa-inna firAAawna laAAalinfii al-ardi wa-innahu lamina almusrifiina
10.83. But none trusted Moses, save some scions of his people, (and they were) in fear of Pharaoh and their chiefs, that they would persecute them. Lo! Pharaoh was verily a tyrant in the land, and Lo! he verily was of the wanton. (Pickthall)
10.83. Und niemand glaubte Musa, außer Nachkommen von seinem Volk, aus Furcht vor Pharao und ihren Würdenträgern, daß sie sie verfolgen. Pharao war ja bestimmt ein Hochmütiger auf der Erde, und bestimmt war er ja einer von den Maßlosen. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
10.83. Aber es glaubten Musa nur junge Leute aus seinem Volk, trotz ihrer Furcht vor Fir´aun und ihrer führenden Schar, davor, daß er sie verfolgen würde. Fir´aun war ja überheblich im Land und gehörte wahrlich zu den Maßlosen. (Bubenheim)
10.83. An Moses glaubten nur wenige von seinem Volk aus Angst vor Verfolgung durch Pharao und seine Würdenträger. Pharao besaß die höchste Macht im Lande und gehörte zu den Maßlosen. (Azhar)
10.83. Doch mit Musa hat niemand den Iman verinnerlicht außer Nachkommenschaft von seinen Leuten – unter Angst vor Pharao und seinen Entscheidungsträgern, dass diese sie der Fitna außetzen. Gewiß, Pharao war zweifellos ein Hochmütiger im Lande und gewiß, er war sicherlich einer der Maßlosen. (Zaidan)
10.83. Und dem Moses glaubte nur Nachkommenschaft aus seinem (eigenen) Volk, aus Furcht vor Pharao und ihren Vornehmen, (nämlich aus Furcht davor) daß er ihnen Gewalt antun würde. Pharao war (ja) im (ganzen) Land mächtig (und gewalttätig). Er gehörte zu denen, die nicht maßhalten. (Paret)
10.83. Und niemand bekannte sich zu Moses, bis auf einige junge Menschen aus seinem Volk - voller Furcht vor Pharao und seinen Vornehmen, er (Pharao) würde sie verfolgen. Und in der Tat war Pharao ein Tyrann im Land, und wahrlich, er war einer der Maßlosen. (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 83 bis 83
(Then behold that) none but a few youths ( 78 ) from his own people obeyed and followed ( 79 ) Moses because of the fear of Pharaoh and their own chiefs; for they apprehended that Pharaoh would afflict them with a torment. And the fact is that Pharaoh was mighty in the land: indeed he was one of those who do not hesitate to transgress any limit. ( 80 )
Desc No: 78 Though literally (Zur-riyyah) means offspring, it has been translated into youths because the Qur'an has used this word here to point out a specific aspect of the matter. It is this: during that fearful period of persecution only a few young men and women showed the moral courage of acknowledging the Messenger of the Truth as their leader and becoming his standard bearers. On the contrary, their fathers, mothers and elders had not the courage to follow him and endanger their worldly interests and even their lives. They not only followed the way of ease and expediency, but also discouraged their youth, saying, "Don't go near Moses: for you will thus invite trouble both for yourselves and your elders." The Qur'an has mentioned this particular aspect of the matter because the same was the case of the response to the Mission of Prophet Muhammad (Allah's peace be upon him). In its initial stage, those who came forward were not the elders and the old people but some courageous youth. These first Muslims who were boldly facing persecution and enduring hardships for the sake of Islam were the young people. For instance, `Ali-ibn-Abi Talib, Ja`afar Tayyar, Zubair, Talhah, Sa`ad bin Abi Waqqas, Mus`ab bin `Umair, `Abdullah bin Mas'ud, etc., were under twenty years when they embraced Islam. `Abdur-Rahman bin `Auf, Bilal, Suhail were under thirty years, and Abu `Ubaidah-bin-al-Jarrah, Zaid bin Harithah, `Uthman bin `Affan and `Umar Faruq were under thirty-five years. Abu Bakr was no more than 38 when he embraced Islam. Among the early Muslims, there is only one instance of a Companion, `Ammar bin Yasir, who was of the same age as the Holy Prophet and another of `Ubaidah bin Harith Muttalabi, who was older than the Holy Prophet.
Desc No: 79 Some people have misinterpreted the Arabic words say that. all the people of Israel were unbelievers and at first only a few of them believed in the Message. But when (iman) is followed by the letter (lam), it grenerally means obeying and following. Thus the original words of the text will mean (as translated) "----a few youth from his own people obeyed and followed Moses," that is, "Only a few young people from the whole tribe of the Israelites had the courage to accept and acknowledge Prophet Moses as their leader and guide and stand by him in his struggle with Pharaoh and his chiefs." The words that follow make it quite clear that the Israelites refrained from this not because they did not believe in Prophet Moses or his Message but because they (specially their elders) were afraid of exposing themselves to the persecution of Pharaoh. This state of fear was the result of their moral degeneration. Though all of them racially and religiously belonged to the community of Prophets Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and Joseph and, therefore, were Muslims, yet slavery of centuries had so much degraded them that they had lost that spirit of Islam which impels one to become the standard-bearer of Islam against the domination of unbelief and deviation, or imbues one with the courage to stand by the one who had raised that banner. The Bible has described their degraded condition at the time of the conflict with Pharaoh in Exodus 5: 20-21: "And they met Moses and Aaron, who stood in the way, as they came forth from Pharaoh: And they said unto them, the Lord look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our saviour to be abhorred n the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us. " The Talmud (Selections by H. Polano, page 152) confirms the same "Yea" said the overburdened children of Israel to Moses and Aaron, "We are like a lamb which the wolf has carried from its flock, the shepherd strives to take it from him, but between the two the lamb is pulled to pieces; between ye and Pharaoh will we all be killed. " The Qur'an also refers to this in VII: 129: "His people answered, `We were oppressed before you came and now again we are being oppressed after you have come. "
Desc No: 80 The Arabic word (musrifin) literally means "transgressors" . As this could not express the true spirit, it has been translated into "....those who are not bound by any limits". They are the people who do not hesitate to employ even the most wicked methods to achieve their object: who practise without any pangs of conscience cruelty, immorality, barbarism etc., if these serve their purpose, and who cross all limits in pursuit of their desires. In short, they are such people as know no limits to stop at. "
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