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Quran
17.98. Das ist ihr Lohn dafür, daß sie Unsere Zeichen verleugnet und gesagt haben: "Sollen wir denn, wenn wir (bereits) Knochen und Überreste geworden sind, fürwahr wieder als neue Schöpfung auferweckt werden?"
2.264. O ye who believe! Render not vain your alms giving by reproach and injury, like him who spendeth his wealth only to be seen of men and believeth not in Allah and the Last Day. His likeness is as the likeness of a rock whereon is dust of earth; a rainstorm smiteth it, leaving it smooth and bare. They have no control of aught of that which they have gained. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk. (Pickthall)
2.264. Ihr; die glauben, macht nicht eure Spenden zunichte durch Vorhaltung und Verletzendes, wie derjenige, der sein Vermögensgut hergibt, zum Sehen für die Menschen, und er glaubt nicht an Allah und den Letzten Tag, und sein Gleichnis ist wie das Gleichnis eines Steinbodens, auf dem Erdreich ist, und es trifft ihn ein Platzregen, und er hinterläßt ihn hart. Sie sind zu nichts imstande von dem, was sie erworben haben, und Allah leitet nicht das Volk der Glaubensverweigerer recht (Ahmad v. Denffer)
2.264. O die ihr glaubt, macht nicht eure Almosen durch Vorhaltungen und Beleidigungen zunichte, wie derjenige, der seinen Besitz aus Augendienerei vor den Menschen ausgibt und nicht an Allah und den Jüngsten Tag glaubt! So ist sein Gleichnis das eines glatten Steins mit Erdreich darüber: Ein heftiger Regenguß trifft ihn und läßt ihn nackt. Sie haben keine Macht über etwas von dem, was sie erworben haben. Allah leitet das ungläubige Volk nicht recht. (Bubenheim)
2.264. O ihr Gläubigen! Macht Eure Spenden nicht durch Kränkungen und schmerzende Äusserungen wieder zunichte! Das wäre wie einer, der sein Geld nur ausgibt, um von anderen gesehen zu werden und nicht an Gott und den Jüngsten Tag glaubt. Dieser Mensch ist mit einer glatten, mit fruchtbarer Erde bedeckten Steinschicht zu vergleichen. Ein starker Regenguss spült die fruchtbare Erde weg und hinterlässt nur das nackte felsige Gestein. Sie haben nichts von dem, was sie leisten. Gott leitet die Ungläubigen nicht zum rechten Weg.
(Azhar)
2.264. Ihr, die den Iman verinnerlicht habt! Annulliert eure Sadaqa nicht durch Vorhaltung und Belästigung wie derjenige, der sein Vermögen aus Riyaa den Menschen gegenüber gibt und den Iman an ALLAH und den Jüngsten Tag nicht verinnerlicht. Sein Gleichnis ähnelt einem mit Erde bedeckten Felsgestein, das vom heftigen Regen getroffen wurde, und es dann glatt werden ließ. Sie finden nichts von dem, was sie erworben haben. Und ALLAH leitet die kufr-betreibenden Leute nicht recht. (Zaidan)
2.264. Ihr Gläubigen! Macht eure Almosen nicht dadurch zunichte, daß ihr auf euer Verdienst pocht (mann) und (denen, für die ihr spendet, nachträglich) Ungemach zufügt (azaa)! (Das ist) wie wenn einer sein Vermögen spendet, um von den Leuten gesehen zu werden, und (dabei) nicht an Allah und den jüngsten Tag glaubt. Der ist einem steinigen Grund (safwaan) zu vergleichen, mit (etwas) Erde darüber: Ein Regenguß fällt darauf, und nachher ist nur noch eine harte, kahle Stelle (sald) übrig. Sie haben (dereinst) keine Gewalt über etwas von dem, was sie (im Erdenleben) erworben haben. Allah leitet das Volk der Ungläubigen nicht recht. (Paret)
2.264. O ihr, die ihr glaubt, vereitelt nicht eure Almosen durch Vorhaltungen und Ungemach, gleich dem, der sein Gut ausgibt, um von den Leuten gesehen zu werden, und nicht an Allah glaubt und an den Jüngsten Tag. Das Gleichnis dessen ist das Gleichnis eines Felsens mit Erdreich darüber, und es trifft ihn ein Platzregen und läßt ihn hart. Sie richten nichts aus mit ihrem Verdienst; denn Allah leitet nicht die ungläubigen Leute. (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 261 bis 264
The charity ( 298 ) of those who expend their wealth in the way of Allah ( 299 ) may be likened to a grain of corn, which produces seven ears and each ear yields a hundred grains. Likewise Allah develops manifold the charity of anyone He pleases, for He is All-Embracing, All-Wise. ( 300 ) Those people who expend their wealth in the way of Allah, and then do not follow up their charity with reminders of their generosity nor injure the feelings of the recipient, shall get their reward from their Lord; they will have no fear and no sorrow of any kind. ( 301 ) A kind word and forbearance is better than that charity which is followed up by insult or injury. Allah is Self-Sufficient and Forbearing. ( 302 ) O Believers, do not spoil your charity by taunts and injury to the recipients like the one who practises charity to be seen by men, while he neither believes in Allah nor in the Last Day. ( 303 ) His charity may be likened to the rainfall on a rock which had only a thin layer of soil upon it. When heavy rain fell on it, the whole of the soil washed away and the rock was left bare ( 304 ) Such people do not gain the reward they imagine they have earned by their seeming charity; Allah does not show the Right Way to the ungrateful . ( 305 )
Desc No: 298 In the address which -began with verse 243, the believers were exhorted to make sacrifices of life and property for the success of the great and noble cause they believed in. After strengthening their faith in Allah, for whose cause they were required to make sacrifices, the same theme has been resumed from this verse, and instructions have been given for the development of that attitude which is essential for making such sacrifices. It is obvious that people cannot snake monetary sacrifices for a moral cause unless their economic point of view is totally changed. The materialists, who live and die in order to amass wealth and weigh everything in the scales of profit and loss, can never be expected to spend anything for higher ends. Even when they seem to be spending for some noble cause, they do so after calculating how far it would benefit their tribe, their own person or their nation. Obviously with such a mental attitude, one cannot move even a step forward in the Way of Allah. In order to uplift the Word of Allah, one has to spend one's life, energy and wealth, irrespective of any worldly gain or loss. This way requires a broad view, great courage, a big heart and, above all, a sincere desire to win Allah's approval. Moreover, it requires radical changes in the social system in order to eradicate the materialistic morality and create spiritual values instead. That is why from here on up to verse 281, instructions have been given for the creation of that kind of moral attitude.
Desc No: 299 All that wealth which is spent in accordance with the Divine Law and only for the achievement of Allah's approval is spent in the Way of Allah, even though it might have been spent for one's own needs or those of one's relatives or for the indigent or for public works or for the propagation of Islam or for Jihad.
Desc No: 300 As Allah has limitless resources and knows everything, one must rest assured that the more sincere one is and the deeper feelings of devotion one has in spending one's wealth in the Way of Allah, the greater will be the reward one will get from Him. One must have a firm conviction that Allah, Who produces seven hundred grains from one grain, has most surely the power of developing the charity seven hundredfold. After stating this fact, two attributes of Allah have been specially ittentioned in this connection to show that the resources of Allah are boundless and He is able to reward deeds to the extent they deserve, and to show that He knows everything and is not unaware of what is spent and with what intention. Therefore there is absolutely no risk of losing one's due reward.
Desc No: 301 There is neither any fear of losing their due reward nor shall there ever come a time when they will regret what they have spent.
Desc No: 302 This implies two things. First, Allah does not stand in need of anybody's charity, for He is Self-Sufficient. Secondly, He likes those people who are generous and large-hearted, but does not like frivolous and narrow-minded people, for He Himself is Generous, Clement and Forbearing. How, then Allah, Who bestows on the people the necessities of life without stint, and forgives and pardons them over and over again in spite of their errors, would like those who mar the self-respect of a person by sending repeated reminders of their charity and making pointed references to it even though they might have given only a farthing. A Tradition of the Holy Prophet says that on the Day of Resurrection, Allah will neither speak a word nor even so much as look at a person who makes pointed references to the gift he gave to some one.
Desc No: 303 His hypocrisy itself clearly shows that he does not believe in Allah and the Hereafter. The very fact that he practises charity so as to be seen by men, shows that they are his .gods (and not Allah), from whom he expects to get his reward. A hypocrite does neither expect any reward from God nor'he believes that one Day all deeds will be judged and rewarded.
Desc No: 304 In this parable the rain is the charity. The hard barren rock on which the rain falls is the evil intention with which that charity is practised. The thin layer of the earth is the seeming virtue which hides the evil intention. Though rainfall makes the crop grow, it does actual harm, if it falls on a rock which has only a thin layer of soil on it, by washing away even that thin soil and leaving the rock bare. In the same way, though charity has the power of developing virtue, it fails to do so, if it is not practised with good intentions. W without these things the wealth spent in charity is nothing more than so much wealth wasted like the rainfall on the rock with a thin layer of soil.
Desc No: 305 The word "kafir" here stands for the ungrateful person. Anyone who does not spend the wealth given to him by Allah in His Way and for His Pleasure but spends it to gain approbation from people, is an ungrateful wretch because he forgets the favour of Allah. It is equally true of him who spends something in the Way of Allah but at the same time does harm to the recipient. When such a person himself does not want His approval, it is not Allah's Will to show him the way of His approval. "
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