48.26. When those who disbelieve had set up in their hearts zealotry, the zealotry of the Age of Ignorance, then Allah sent down His peace of reassurance upon His messenger and upon the believers and imposed on them the word of self restraint, for they were worthy of it and meet for it. And Allah is Aware of all things. (Pickthall)
48.26. Als diejenigen, die den Glauben verweigert haben, in ihre Herzen die Hitzigkeit gelegt hatten, die Hitzigkeit der Zeit der Unwissenheit, da sandte Allah Seine Gottesruhe herab auf Seinen Gesandten und auf die Gläubigen und erlegte ihnen das Wort der Gottesfurcht auf, und sie haben mehr Anrecht darauf und sind berechtigter dazu, und Allah weiß alles. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
48.26. Als diejenigen, die ungläubig waren, in ihren Herzen die Hitzigkeit entfachten, die Hitzigkeit der Unwissenheit -, da sandte Allah Seine innere Ruhe auf Seinen Gesandten und auf die Gläubigen herab und ließ sie an dem Wort der Gottesfurcht festhalten. Sie hatten ja ein größeres Anrecht darauf und waren dessen würdig. Und Allah weiß über alles Bescheid. (Bubenheim)
48.26. Als die Ungläubigen dem Stolz, dem heidnischen Stolz, in ihren Herzen Platz einräumten, sandte Gott innere Ruhe auf Seinen Gesandten und auf die Gläubigen herab und ließ sie am Grundsatz der Frömmigkeit festhalten, für die sie berechtigter und geeigneter sind. Gottes Wissen umfasst alles. (Azhar)
48.26. (Und erinnere daran), als diejenigen, die Kufr betrieben haben, in ihren Herzen den ablehnenden Stolz hegten, den ablehnenden Stolz der Dschahiliya, dann sandte ALLAH Herzensruhe von Ihm auf Seinen Gesandten und auf die Mumin hinab und verpflichtete sie zum Wort der Taqwa, und sie hatten mehr Anrecht darauf und waren dessen Leute. Und ALLAH ist immer über alles allwissend. (Zaidan)
48.26. (Damals) als die Ungläubigen das Ungestüm, dasjenige des Heidentums, in ihrem Herzen Platz greifen ließen, worauf Allah seine sakiena auf seinen Gesandten und die Gläubigen herabsandte und sie auf das Wort der Gottesfurcht verwies! Sie verdienten es (ja) eher (als sonst jemand) und waren seiner (am ehesten) würdig. Allah weiß über alles Bescheid. (Paret)
48.26. Als die Ungläubigen in ihren Herzen Parteilichkeit hegten - die Parteilichkeit der Dschahiliya -, sandte Allah auf Seinen Gesandten und auf die Gläubigen Seine Ruhe hinab und ließ sie an dem Wort der Gottesfurcht festhalten, und sie hatten wohl Anspruch auf dieses (Wort) und waren seiner würdig. Und Allah weiß über alle Dinge Bescheid. (Rasul)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 25 bis 26
They are the ones who disbelieved and debarred you from the Masjid al-Haram and hindered the sacrificial animals from reaching their place of sacrifice. ( 43 ) men and women (in Makkah) whom you do not know and the fear that you would trample them under foot without knowing it and incur blame on that account, (the fighting would not have been allowed to stop. It was stopped), so that Allah may admit into His mercy whom He will. Had the believers stood apart (from the people of Makkah), We would have severely punished the disbelievers among them. ( 44 ) (That is why) when the disbelievers set in their hearts the arrogance of paganism, ( 45 ) is peace upon His Messenger and the believers, ( 46 ) and obliged the believers to adhere to the word of piety, for they were most worthy and deserving of it. Allah has knowledge of everything
Desc No: 43 That is, "Allah was seeing the sincerity and the selfless devotion with which you had become ready to lay down your lives in the cause of the true Faith and were obeying the Prophet without any question. Allah was also seeing that the disbelievers were being unfair and high-handed. The demand of this situation was that they should have been punished there and then through you, but in spite of that. Allah restrained your hands from them and their hands from you."
Desc No: 44 This was the reason why Allah did not allow fighting to take place at Hudaibiyah. This has two aspects: (I) That at that time there were quite a number of the Muslim men and women living in Makkah, who were either hiding their faith, or were being persecuted because of their faith as they had no means to emigrate. Had there been fighting and the Muslims had pushed back the disbelievers and entered Makkah, these Muslims also would have been killed in ignorance along with the disbelievers. This would not only have grieved the Muslims but the Arab polytheists also would have got an opportunity to say that the Muslims did not even spare their own brethren in faith during wartime. Therefore, Allah took pity on the helpless Muslims and averted the war in order to save the Companions from grief and infamy. The other aspect of the expedience was that Allah did not will that Makkah should fall to the Muslims as a result of the defeat of the Quraish after a bloody clash but He willed that they should be encircled from all sides so that within two years or so they should become absolutely helpless and subdued without offering any resistance, and then the whole tribe should accept Islam and enter Allah's mercy as it actually happened on the Conquest of Makkah. Here the juristic dispute has arisen that if during a war between the Muslims and the disbelievers, the disbelievers should bring out some Muslim men and women, children and old men, in their possession and put them in the forefront as a shield for themselves, or if there is some Muslim population also in the non-Muslim city under attack by the Muslim forces, or if in a warship of the disbelievers, which is within our gun-fire, the disbelievers have taken some Muslims also on board, can the Muslim army open fire on it? In answer to it the nulings given by different jurists are as follows: Imam Malik says that in such a case fire should not be opened, and for this he cites this very verse as an argument. He contends that Allah prevented the war at Hudaibiyah only in order to save the Muslims. (Ibn al-`Arabi, Ahkam al Qur'an). But this in fact is a weak argument. There is no word in the verse which may support the view that launching an attack on the enemy in this case is unlawful and forbidden. At the most what one can say on the basis of this verse is that the launching of an sttack in such a case should be avoided in order to save the Muslims, provided that it does not put the disbelievers in an advantageous position against the Muslims militarily, or does not diminish the Muslims' chances of gaining an upper hand in the conflict. Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Abu Yusuf, Imam Zufar and Imam Muhammad saythat it is lawful to open fire in such a case; so much so that even if the disbelievers use the children of the Muslims as a shield by putting them in the forefront, there is no harm in shooting at them, and it is not obligatory for the Muslims to expiate and pay any blood-money for the Muslims thus killed, (AIJassas, Ahkam al-Qur'an; Imam Muhammad, :Kitab as-Siyar). Imam Sufyan Thauri also in this case regards opening of the fire as lawful, but he says that although the Muslims will not pay the blood-money of the Muslims thus killed, it is obligatory for them to expiate the sin. (AI-Jassas, Ahkam al-Qur an). Imam Auza`i and Laith bin Sa`d say that if the disbelievers use the Muslims as a shield, fire should not be opened on them. Likewise, if it is known that in their warship ow own prisoners also are on board, it should not be sunk. But if we attack a city of theirs and we know that there are Muslims also in the city, it is lawful to open fire on the city, for it is not certain that our shells will only hit the Muslims, and if a Muslim becomes a victim of this shelling, it will not be wilful murder of a Muslim but an inadvertant accident. (Al-Jassas, Ahkam alQur an). Imam Shafe`i holds the view that in such a case if it is not inevitable to open fire it is better to try to save the Muslims from destruction; although it is not unlawful to open fire in this case, it is undesirable. But if it is really necessary and it is feared that in case fire is not opened it will put the disbelievers in a better position militarily against the Muslims, it is lawful to resort to shelling, but even then every effort should be made to save the Muslims as far as possible. Furthermore, Imam Shafe'i also says that if during a conflict the disbelievers put a Muslim in front as a shield and a Muslim kills him, there can be two possible alternatives: either the killer knew that the murdered person was a Muslim, or he did not know that he was a Muslim. In the first case, he will be under obligation to pay compensation for manslaughter as well as do expiation; in the second case he will only do expiation. (Mughni al-Muhtaj).
Desc No: 45 The words hamiyyat al -jahiliyyah mean that a man should wilfully do something unworthy and improper only for the sake of his honour and prestige. The dilsbelievers of Makkah themselves acknowledged and admitted that everybody ,had a right to visit the Ka`bah for performing Hajj and `Umrah, and that they had no right to slop anyone from this duty. This was an ancient admitted law of Arabia. But in spite of knowing that they were absolutely in the wrong and the Muslims in the right, they prevented the Muslims from performing `Umrah only for the sake of their prestige. The righteous even among the polytheists also were saving that preventing the people who had come in the pilgrim garbs along with sacrificial camels from performing pilgrimage was an improper act. Yet the Quraish leaders persisted in their resistance only under the idea that if Muhammad (upon whom be Allah's peace) entered Makkah along with a large number of his followers, it would mean loss of prestige for them among the Arabs. This was their arrogance. .
Desc No: 46 Here, sakinat means the patience and dignity with which the Holy Prophet and the Muslims resisted the disbelievers' rancour and spirit of paganism. They did not get provoked at their stubborn and insolent behaviour and did not do anything which might have violated the spirit of Truth and righteousness, or which might have further complicated the situation instead of settling it amicably. "
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