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Quran
12.66. Er sagte: "Ich werde ihn nicht mit euch senden, bis ihr mir ein verbindliches Versprechen vor Allah gebt, daß ihr ihn mir ganz gewiß wiederbringt, es sei denn, ihr werdet umringt." Als sie ihm ihr verbindliches Versprechen gegeben hatten, sagte er: "Allah ist Sachwalter über das, was wir (hier) sagen."
44.42. Illa man rahima Allahuinnahu huwa alAAaziizu alrrahiimu
44.42. Save him on whom Allah hath mercy. Lo! He is the Mighty, the Merciful. (Pickthall)
44.42. Außer dem Allah barmherzig ist, Er ist ja, Er, der Mächtige, der Barmherzige. (Ahmad v. Denffer)
44.42. außer demjenigen, dessen Allah sich erbarmt. Er ist ja der Allmächtige und Barmherzige. (Bubenheim)
44.42. Ausgenommen sind die, denen Gott Barmherzigkeit erweist. Er ist der Allmächtige, der Barmherzige. (Azhar)
44.42. außer denjenigen, denen ALLAH Gnade erwies. Gewiß, ER ist Der Allwürdige, Der Allgnädige. (Zaidan)
44.42. (Niemand findet dann Rettung) es sei denn einer, dessen sich Allah erbarmt. Er ist der Mächtige und Barmherzige. (Paret)
44.42. Die (sind davon) ausgenommen, derer Allah Sich erbarmt; denn Er ist der Erhabene, der Barmherzige. (Rasul)
44.42. ausser jenen, denen Allah Sich erbarmt, denn Er ist der Allmächtige, der Barmherzige. (Périsset)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 34 bis 42
These people say, "There is nothing beyond our first death, and we are not going to be raised back to life. ( 30 ) Bring back our forefathers if you are truthful. " ( 31 ) Are they better or the people of Tubba' ( 32 ) and those before them ? We destroyed them only because they had become wicked. ( 33 ) We have not created the heavens and the earth and whatever lies between them merely in sport: We have created them with the truth, but most of them do not know. ( 34 ) For the resurrection of them all, the appointed time is the Day of Decision, ( 35 ) the Day when a kinsman shall not avail his kinsman ( 36 ) anything at all, nor shall they receive any help from anywhere except that Allah Himself may show His mercy to some one: He is the All-Mighty, the All-Merciful. ( 37 )
Desc No: 30 That is, "When we die the first time, we shall be annihilated: there will be no other lift after that".
Desc No: 31 This was their reasoning: We have never seen a dead person resurrected to life. Therefore, we believe that there will be no other life after death. If you claim that there will be another life, then resurrect our forefathers from their graves, so that we are convinced of the life-after-death. If you do not do this, we would think that your claim is false. This was, as they thought, a very strong argument for the refutation of life-after-death, whereas it was absurd. Nobody had told them that the dead would return to this very world after being raised back to life, nor the Holy Prophet, nor any Muslim, had ever claimed that he could raise the dead back to life.
Desc No: 32 Tubba was the title of the kings of the Himyarites, like the titles of Khosroes, Caesar, Pharaoh etc. which have been associated with the kings of different countries. They were a branch of the Sabaeans, who attained domination over Saba in 115 B.C. and puled it till 300 A.D. They have been a well known people of Arabia for centuries. (For details, see E.N. 37 of Surah Saba).
Desc No: 33 This is the first answer to the disbelievers' objection; it means: No individual group or nation which denies the Hereafter can help becoming criminal. Perversion of the morals is its inevitable result, and human history bears evidence that whichever nation adopted this view of life ultimately perished. As for the question: Are they better or the people of Tubba' or the people before them? ii means this: The disbelievers of Makkah have not been able to attain to the prosperity and splendour that became the lot of the people of Tubba' and of the people of Saba and of the people of Pharaoh and others before them. But this material prosperity and worldly splendour could not save them from the consequences of their moral degeneration. How will then the chiefs of the Quraish be saved from destruction on the strength of their puny resources and wealth? (For details, see E.N.'s 25 to 36 of Surah Saba).
Desc No: 34 This is the second answer to their objection; it means: "Whoever denies life-after-death and the rewards and punishments of the hereafter, in fact, regards this world as a plaything and its Creator as a foolish child. This is why he has formed the view that tnan, after raising all sorts of the storms in the world, will end up in the dust one day and none of his good or bad acts will bear any fruit. The fact, however, is that this universe is the creation of an AlI-Wise Creator and not of a frivolous being, and it cannot be expected from an AlI-Wise Creator that he would perform a useless and vain act." (For a detailed explanation, see AI-An'am: 73, Yunus: 5-6, Al-Anbiya: 16-18, AI-Mu'minun: 115, Ar-Rum: 8-9 and the corresponding E.N.'s).
Desc No: 35 This is the answer to their demand: "Bring back our forefathers if you are truthful." It means: 'Life-after-death is not a trivial matter; it cannot be that whenever somebody denies it, a dead person may he raised immediately from the graveyard and presented before him. For it a time has been fixed by the Lord of the worlds, when He will resurrect to life all the former and the latter generations, gather them together in His Court and will decide their cases. You may believe in it or may not, but this will in any case happen on its own pre ordained time. If you believe in it, it will be to your own advantage, for, being forewarned, you will make preparations to fare well in that Court. If you do not believe in it, you will incur loss for yourselves, for you will expend your whole life in the misunderstanding that good and evil are confined only to this worldly lift; after death there is going to be no court where our good or bad deeds might have to be judged for any permanent results."
Desc No: 36 The Arabic word "maula " is used for a person who supports another person either because of kinship, or friendship, or some other relationship.
Desc No: 37 These sentences portray the nature of the Court that will be established on the Day of Decision. It will be a Court where nobody's help or support will help rescue any culprit nor have his sentence reduced. All powers will rest with the real Sovereign Whose decisions cannot be withheld from being enforced nor influenced by any power. It will entirely depend on His own discretion whether He forgives somebody mercifully, or awards him a lesser punishment; it indeed behoves Him to exercise justice mercifully and not mercilessly, but whatever decision He gives in any case, will be enforced entirely and completely. After this portrayal of the nature of the Divine Court, in the following few sentences it has been stated what will be the fate of those who will be found guilty in that Court, and what will be conferred on those about whom it will be established that they had been refraining from Allah's disobedience in the world out of _fear of Him.
44.50. Lo! this is that whereof ye used to doubt. (Pickthall)
44.50. Dies ist, was ihr immer bezweifelt habt.” (Ahmad v. Denffer)
44.50. "Das ist (es) ja, worüber ihr zu zweifeln pflegtet." (Bubenheim)
44.50. Das ist es nun, woran ihr gezweifelt habt." (Azhar)
44.50. Gewiß, dies ist das, was ihr zu bezweifeln pflegtet. (Zaidan)
44.50. (Und der ganzen Schar der Verdammten wird zugerufen:) "Das ist es, worüber ihr (zeitlebens) im Zweifel waret". (Paret)
44.50. Siehe, dies ist nun das, woran ihr zu zweifeln pflegtet." (Rasul)
44.50. Siehe, das ist es, worüber ihr (Ungläubigen) im Zweifel wart.'" (Périsset)
Tafsir von Maududi für die Ayaat 43 bis 50
The zaqqum-tree ( 38 ) shall be the sinner's food, like the dregs of oil. ( 39 ) It will boil in the belly like the boiling of hot water. "Seize him and drag him into the midst of Hell, and pour over his head the chastisement of boiling water. Taste this: a mighty and honourable man that you are! This is the same thing about which you entertained doubts. "
Desc No: 38 For the explanation of zaqqum, see E.N. 34 of Surah As-Saaffat.
Desc No: 39 The word al--muhl in the original has several meanings: molten metal, pus-blood, molten tar, lava, dregs of oil. These are the different meanings given by the lexicographers and commentators, but if this word is understood with reference to zaqqum (cactus), it may mean its juice which will probably be like the dregs of oil.
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